ToolBar Part -1 : Setup a ToolBar (Material Design)

What is ToolBar?
A Toolbar is a generalization of action bars for use within application layouts. While an action bar is traditionally part of an Activity's opaque window decor controlled by the framework, a Toolbar may be placed at any arbitrary level of nesting within a view hierarchy. An application may choose to designate a Toolbar as the action bar for an Activity using the setSupportActionBar() method.

Toolbar supports a more focused feature set than ActionBar. From start to end, a toolbar may contain a combination of the following optional elements:

• A navigation button. This may be an Up arrow, navigation menu toggle, close, collapse, done or another glyph of the app's choosing. This button should always be used to access other navigational destinations within the container of the Toolbar and its signified content or otherwise leave the current context signified by the Toolbar.
• 
  A branded logo image. This may extend to the height of the bar and can be arbitrarily wide.
  A title and subtitle. The title should be a signpost for the Toolbar's current position in the navigation hierarchy and the content contained there. The subtitle, if present should indicate any extended information about the current content. If an app uses a logo image it should strongly consider omitting a title and subtitle.
• 
  One or more custom views. The application may add arbitrary child views to the Toolbar. They will appear at this position within the layout. If a child view's Toolbar.LayoutParams indicates a Gravity value of CENTER_HORIZONTAL the view will attempt to center within the available space remaining in the Toolbar after all other elements have been measured.
• 
  An action menu. The menu of actions will pin to the end of the Toolbar offering a few frequent, important or typical actions along with an optional overflow menu for additional actions.

To use Toolbar as an Action Bar, first disable the decor-provided Action Bar. The easiest way is to have your theme extend from Theme.AppCompat.NoActionBar (or its light variant). as followos
    <!-- Base application theme. -->
    <style name="AppTheme" parent="Theme.AppCompat.NoActionBar">
        <!-- Customize your theme here. -->
    </style>

In order to create toolbar just create a Toolbar instance via layout xml. as follows:
<android.support.v7.widget.Toolbar
    android:id=”@+id/my_awesome_toolbar”
    android:layout_height=”wrap_content”
    android:layout_width=”match_parent”
    android:minHeight=”?attr/actionBarSize”
    android:background=”?attr/colorPrimary” />

Next in your Activity or Fragment , set the Toolbar to act as your Action Bar.
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setContentView(R.layout.yourxmlfil);

    Toolbar toolbar = (Toolbar) findViewById(R.id.my_awesome_toolbar);
    setSupportActionBar(toolbar);
}

 The whole code Android Studio code is given below.
Screen Shots:
----------------

build.gradle:
apply plugin: 'com.android.application'

android {
    compileSdkVersion 21
    buildToolsVersion "21.1.2"

    defaultConfig {
        applicationId "com.ramsandroid.toolbarpart_1"
        minSdkVersion 10
        targetSdkVersion 21
        versionCode 1
        versionName "1.0"
    }
    buildTypes {
        release {
            minifyEnabled false
            proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro'
        }
    }
}

dependencies {
    compile fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar'])
    compile 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:21.0.3'
}


styles.xml:
<resources>

    <!-- Base application theme. -->
    <style name="AppTheme" parent="Theme.AppCompat.NoActionBar">
        <!-- Customize your theme here. -->
    </style>

</resources>

activity_main.xml:
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    tools:context=".MainActivity"
    android:background="#eee">

    <android.support.v7.widget.Toolbar
        android:id="@+id/toolBar"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:minHeight="?attr/actionBarSize"
        android:background="#009688">

    </android.support.v7.widget.Toolbar>

    <TextView
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="Toolbar Example Part - 1"
        android:textSize="30sp"
        android:textColor="#000000" />
</LinearLayout>








MainActivity.java:
package com.ramsandroid.toolbarpart_1;

import android.support.v7.app.ActionBarActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v7.widget.Toolbar;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuItem;


public class MainActivity extends ActionBarActivity {

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        //calling toolbar reference from xml layout
        Toolbar toolbar = (Toolbar) findViewById(R.id.toolBar);
        //To set custom title to the toolbar
        toolbar.setTitle("ToolBar Example");
        //To set toolbar to the actionbar
        setSupportActionBar(toolbar);


    }
}

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RecyclerView with CardView Example in Android (Material Design)

What is RecyclerView  and How to use it?
Ans:-The RecyclerView widget is a more advanced and flexible version of ListView. This widget is a container for displaying large data sets that can be scrolled very efficiently by maintaining a limited number of views. Use the RecyclerView widget when you have data collections whose elements change at runtime based on user action or network events.

The RecyclerView class simplifies the display and handling of large data sets by providing:

1.Layout managers for positioning items
2.Default animations for common item operations, such as removal or addition of items

You also have the flexibility to define custom layout managers and animations for RecyclerView widgets.

To use the RecyclerView widget, you have to specify an adapter and a layout manager. To create an adapter, extend the RecyclerView.Adapter class. The details of the implementation depend on the specifics of your dataset and the type of views.

A layout manager positions item views inside a RecyclerView and determines when to reuse item views that are no longer visible to the user. To reuse (or recycle) a view, a layout manager may ask the adapter to replace the contents of the view with a different element from the dataset. Recycling views in this manner improves performance by avoiding the creation of unnecessary views or performing expensive findViewById() lookups.

RecyclerView provides these built-in layout managers:

1.     LinearLayoutManager shows items in a vertical or horizontal scrolling list.
2.     GridLayoutManager shows items in a grid.
3.     StaggeredGridLayoutManager shows items in a staggered grid.

To create a custom layout manager, extend the RecyclerView.LayoutManager class.

Animations:

Animations for adding and removing items are enabled by default in RecyclerView. To customize these animations, extend the RecyclerView.ItemAnimator class and use the RecyclerView.setItemAnimator() method.

Example:coming soon....

Screen Shots:

build.gradle:
apply plugin: 'com.android.application'

android {
    compileSdkVersion 21
    buildToolsVersion "21.1.2"

    defaultConfig {
        applicationId "recyclerviewexample.ram.com.recyclerviewexample"
        minSdkVersion 10
        targetSdkVersion 21
        versionCode 1
        versionName "1.0"
    }
    buildTypes {
        release {
            minifyEnabled false
            proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro'
        }
    }
}

dependencies {
    compile fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar'])
    compile 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:21.0.3'
    compile 'com.android.support:recyclerview-v7:21.0.+'
    compile 'com.android.support:cardview-v7:21.0.+'
}
 
drawable files:
back_select.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<selector xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
    <item android:state_pressed="true"
        android:drawable="@android:color/darker_gray" />
    <item android:drawable="@android:color/transparent" />
</selector>

back_select.xml(v14):
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<selector xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
    <item android:state_pressed="true"
        android:drawable="@android:color/holo_blue_bright" />
    <item android:drawable="@android:color/transparent" />
</selector> 

Layout files:
activity_main.xml:
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
       tools:context=".MainActivity">

    <android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView
        android:id="@+id/my_recycler_view"
        android:scrollbars="vertical"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:clickable="true"
        android:background="#ffcccc"
        />
</RelativeLayout>




list_cardview_layout.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<android.support.v7.widget.CardView xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:layout_marginLeft="10dp"
    android:layout_marginRight="10dp">

    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:orientation="vertical"
        android:background="@drawable/back_select">

        <TextView
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceLarge"
            android:text="Large Text"
            android:id="@+id/info_text"
            android:layout_gravity="center" />
    </LinearLayout>
</android.support.v7.widget.CardView>

java code:
MyDataAdapter:
package recyclerviewexample.ram.com.recyclerviewexample;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Context;
import android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;

/**
 * Created by Ram-Roots on 30-01-2015.
 */
public class MyDataAdapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter<MyDataAdapter.ViewHolder> {
    public String[] NAMES_DATA;

    static Activity activity;

    public MyDataAdapter(Activity activity, String[] NAMES_DATA) {
        this.NAMES_DATA = NAMES_DATA;
        this.activity = activity;
    }


    // Create new views (invoked by the layout manager)
    @Override
    public ViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup parent, int viewType) {

        // create a new view
        View view = LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext()).inflate(R.layout.list_cardview_layout, parent, false);

        ViewHolder viewHolder = new ViewHolder(view);

        return viewHolder;
    }

    // Replace the contents of a view (invoked by the layout manager)
    @Override
    public void onBindViewHolder(ViewHolder holder, int position) {
        holder.info_textView.setText(NAMES_DATA[position]);
    }

    // Return the size of your dataset (invoked by the layout manager)
    @Override
    public int getItemCount() {
        return NAMES_DATA.length;
    }

    public static class ViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder {
        TextView info_textView;

        public ViewHolder(View view) {
            super(view);
            this.info_textView = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.info_text);

            view.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
                @Override
                public void onClick(View v) {
                    Toast.makeText(activity, info_textView.getText().toString(), Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
                }
            });

        }
    }}

MainActivity.java:
package recyclerviewexample.ram.com.recyclerviewexample;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v7.app.ActionBarActivity;
import android.support.v7.widget.DefaultItemAnimator;
import android.support.v7.widget.LinearLayoutManager;
import android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView;
import android.view.MotionEvent;
import android.widget.Toast;


public class MainActivity extends ActionBarActivity {
    RecyclerView recyclerView;
    private RecyclerView.LayoutManager mLayoutManager;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        recyclerView = (RecyclerView) findViewById(R.id.my_recycler_view);

        // use this setting to improve performance if you know that changes
        // in content do not change the layout size of the RecyclerView
        recyclerView.setHasFixedSize(true);

        // use a linear layout manager
        mLayoutManager = new LinearLayoutManager(this);
        recyclerView.setLayoutManager(mLayoutManager);

        MyDataAdapter myDataAdapter = new MyDataAdapter(MainActivity.this, COUNTRIES);

        recyclerView.setAdapter(myDataAdapter);

    }

    static final String[] COUNTRIES = new String[]{"Afghanistan", "Albania",
            "Algeria", "American Samoa", "Andorra", "Angola", "Anguilla",
            "Antarctica", "Antigua and Barbuda", "Argentina", "Armenia",
            "Aruba", "Australia", "Austria", "Azerbaijan", "Bahrain",
            "Bangladesh", "Barbados", "Belarus", "Belgium", "Belize", "Benin",
            "Bermuda", "Bhutan", "Bolivia", "Bosnia and Herzegovina",
            "Botswana", "Bouvet Island", "Brazil",
            "British Indian Ocean Territory", "British Virgin Islands",
            "Brunei", "Bulgaria", "Burkina Faso", "Burundi", "Cote d'Ivoire"
    };
}